Understanding the communication needs of deaf patients

According to the World Health Organization, more than 1.5 billion people globally are living with hearing loss. Normal hearing is defined as a hearing threshold of 20 decibels or better in both ears. Hearing loss ranges from mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe or profound. The cause of hearing loss varies which include genetics, early childhood onset, chronic middle ear infections, noise-induced hearing loss, age-related hearing loss, or even hearing loss due to medication. The impacts of hearing loss can result in delayed language development, especially in children. It can also result in the loss of ability to communicate effectively, especially for those with late onset hearing loss. The biggest issue with communication barriers is due to perceived misconceptions about hearing aids and lip-reading capabilities. Many assume that individuals with hearing aids or cochlear implants have the ability to understand speech like someone with normal hearing. This is not always the case. Just because someone wears hearing aids or the implant does not mean he/she can comprehend speech. Some may simply wear hearing aids or the implant to alert them or make them aware that noise is happening around them. Lip-reading is not any different. Not all individuals with hearing loss can lip read. It is important to note the challenges that have come to light because of the Coronavirus pandemic for those who do rely on lip-reading. Masks are still heavily used in the healthcare sector in many areas due to the pandemic. When one wears a mask, it greatly impedes the individual’s ability to understand and communicate effectively. Not only is the mouth covered, but half of the face is covered. This strips the individual of the ability to decipher your tone of voice or even your mood because your facial expressions are covered. Communication barriers can be easily fixed. It takes being aware of who you are talking with and meeting their communication needs. The best way to understand the communication needs of someone with hearing loss is simple to ask them what their preference is. Some may prefer you write everything out; others may prefer to lip-read. One thing for sure is a clear mouth and visible mouth is a great starting place. For example, in reference to the masks, one can rectify this issue by wearing a clear mask which allows for both the mouth and face to be seen. There are other ways to combat communication barriers. Check out the do’s and don’ts below: DO… Do speak face to face Do speak at normal level and clearly Do tap or wave to get his/her attention DON’T… Don’t turn away while speaking Don’t speak rapidly and loudly Don’t clap or shout STILL BEING MISHEARD… Rephrase what was said using different words or write it out Change your environment (go to an area that is less noisy) Don’t get frustrated and say “never mind” Do not repeat what you said only louder Now that you are armed with the basics on how to break down communication barriers between you and the deaf community, it is my hope that you are more at ease with engaging with such a unique community. It certainly will allow the community to feel at ease when their needs are being met. Read: Let’s talk about sex: Calgary research lab providing information for disabled.

Understanding the communication needs of deaf patients

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